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Republic of Botswana

Botswana

Summary:

Botswana is a country in Africa that is home to 2,630,000 people. It is also home to 26 living indigenous languages. One of these, Setswana, is an official language of the country. Botswana was also home to 1 indigenous language that is now extinct. In addition, 3 living non-indigenous languages are established within the country. One of these, English, is also an official language of the country. In formal education, 1 indigenous language is used as a language of instruction.

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  • Country Location

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  • Demographics

    2,630,000

    people

    26

    living indigenous languages

    87%
    literate

  • Indigenous Language Vitality Count

    1. 2
    2. 14
    3. 10
    4. 1
    Details

    This graph shows a profile of languages indigenous to Botswana with respect to their level of language vitality.

    • Institutional — The language has been developed to the point that it is used and sustained by institutions beyond the home and community.
    • Stable — The language is not being sustained by formal institutions, but it is still the norm in the home and community that all children learn and use the language.
    • Endangered — It is no longer the norm that children learn and use this language.
    • Extinct - The language is no longer used and no one retains a sense of ethnic identity associated with the language.

    These four summary levels have been derived by grouping levels in the Expanded Graded Intergenerational Disruption Scale (EGIDS), which is the more fine-grained scale that Ethnologue uses to assess the status of every language in terms of development versus endangerment; see Language Status for a description of the levels of that scale. See also the pages on Development and Endangerment for more discussion.

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Ethnologue Country Digests

Country Digest

Browse Country Digests

Explore all 29 languages used in Botswana with Ethnologue: Languages of Botswana—a downloadable PDF document that provides detailed analysis presented in formats not available in the online version of Ethnologue. It includes:

  • Comprehensive country overview.
  • Statistical summaries by language status, size, and family.
  • Alphabetical listing of languages in the country, with in-depth descriptions.
  • Full-color language map(s) for visual reference.
  • Listings by population, status, family, and region.
  • Indexes of ISO 639 codes and alternate language names.

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Indigenous Languages

Families

The indigenous languages of Botswana belong to the following families.

Language Policy Conventions

Botswana has adopted the following international conventions which speak to indigenous language rights.

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